Process for the manufacture of low density, flexible. Md yusof huruf besar mengaku membenarkan tesis ini elisimpan di pusat khidmat maklumat akademik, universiti malaysia sarawak dengan syaratsyarat kegunaan seperti berikut. Foam processing dow laboratories evaluate foam processing and foam quality by producing foams at various indexes under free rise conditions and recording reactivity cream, gel, rise times and density. Table 2 inputoutput data for a hypothetical flexible foam. Pdf polyurethanes are versatile materials used widely in many applications. Formulations and reactivity of rigid polyurethane foams. Design the seat system to ensure that the foam is in compression. In a process for producing flexible polyurethane foams by reacting a organic andor modified organic polyisocyanates with b relatively high molecular weight compounds containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and c if desired, low molecular weight chain extenders andor cross linkers in the presence of d blowing agents, e catalysts, f flame retardants and, if desired g further. Support the pad properly to minimize bridging gaps and to prevent putting the foam in tension.
In the foam generator the foaming agent is diluted in water to make a prefoaming solution and then the prefoaming solution is expanded with air into foam. The polyurethane foaming is a process that allows the production of flexible or rigid foam parts by casting a bicomponent mixture in a mold. Component a is a group of substances containing polyols, catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, blowing agent distilled water and surfactant dow corning 193. Polyurethanes sustainable materials polyurethanes polyurethane raw materials polyolmdi processing pur foam transport 200km pur foam packaging pur foam approx 100mjkg 26 mjkg approx.
Us3405077a process for making soft polyurethane foams and. Rigid polyurethane foam is used to make structural parts. Polyurethane foam cushion is not a structural component. The product is a rigid foam and is only easily removed from a rigid mould if the cavity has a slight taper. Hcfcs are ozonedepleting substances, subject to worldwide production and consumption phase out. Used in flexible slabstock foam production, mainly for. Continuous slabstock lines costefficient production of. The foam encapsulation of mai panels was satisfactory, except one test. These include but are not limited to the manufacture of. Potential chemical exposures from spray polyurethane foam epa.
Production of a flexible foam to illustrate the method of calculation, consider the production of a flexible pur foam blown with water such as might be used in furniture and bedding applications. Polymer reactions 1 at the start of polyurethane foam production, the reacting raw. Postconsumer flexible polyurethane foam scrap used in building. Polyether polyol, rigid polyurethane foam and processes for production thereof. The foaming systems used in this work consisted of two components, a and b. Polyurethane foam applications introduction the aim of this marketing white paper is to familiarize users within the polyurethane foam industry with the products of tuthill pump group tuthill has manufactured gear pumps for many years and the companys products are installed around the world with applications across many industries.
A world leader in polyurethane technology and solutions. Instant foam action rapidly and easily rubs across hands, killing 99. Polyurethane foams from renewable and sustainable polyols noemi finez acero noemi. This production process can be illustrated by looking at the continuous production of polyurethane foams. Methylene chloride comprised over 98 percent of the total hazardous air pollutant emissions from the industry. Flexible polyurethane foams fpfs used in upholstered. Us5925687a production of flexible polyurethane foams. Polyurethane foams from renewable and sustainable polyols. A framework to analyze handwashing behaviors to design effective handwashing programs yolande coombes and jacqueline devine august 2010 the water and sanitation program is a multidonor partnership administered by the world bank to support poor people in obtaining affordable, safe, and. Characterization of polyurethane foam waste for reuse in. Barrier surface temperature rise foam films contents 1. Preparation of polyurethane foams using fractionated liquefied product the foams were prepared by a one step method.
Physicochemical analysis of flexible polyurethane foams. The foam in this system is a rigid foam that is used in furniture, packaging, insulation, flotation devices, and many other items. Flexible polyurethane foam is used to make technical trimmings with a specific surface finish. In the continuous process, the foam rises within seconds after mixing the ingredients on a moving conveyor and then solidifies.
Barrier surface temperature rise sustainable materials polyurethanes polyurethane raw materials polyolmdi processing pur foam transport 200km pur foam packaging pur foam approx 100mjkg 26 mjkg approx. The standards reduce hazardous air pollutant hap emissions from all existing sources of flexible polyurethane foam manufacturing by over 14,000 tons per year tpy, a 70 percent reduction from the baseline. Pdf development of a onestep process for production of foam. This book provides practical guidance in all aspects of the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams, and is an ideal information source for students, teachers. Point of use foam production viking pumps used for foam production can be found in virtually every industry. Breather holes 12 mm should be placed strategically around themould to allow air to escape during the foaming process. Foam from several polymeric surfactants such as triblock f108 and hydrophobically modified hmpa1 exhibited remarkable improvement in washout stability over conventional surfactants. Mai panels withstood the exothermic foam expansion.
Ep0417366a2 process for the production of polyurethane foam. Pdf a simulated onestep process has been developed for the production of foam core particleboards using rigid polyurethane as the core. Hearle encyclopedia of life support systems eolss biographical sketch 1. A polyurethane foam is produced using acetone as an auxiliary blowing agent. The inputs and outputs at the production plant might typically be as shown ion table 2. Techniques used for the production of foam core particleboards. Flexible polyurethane foams are one of the most important classes of cellular plastic and can be applied in the. Development of foam formulations leading to ph level over 4. Here, a rigid polyurethane foam is produced by mixing equal parts of two liquids, called part a and part b. Us4883825a process for the manufacture of low density, flexible. Noncorrosive, and nonflammable phenolic foam for building. Both polyethyicne pe and polpropylene pp were used for the foaming process, but a specid ernphasis was givcn to pl.
Foam testing foam physical properties were determined in accordance with astm, iso, nf and major oem testing procedures. Foam pads should be designed at a realistic foam thickness to avoid over compression of the foam. Appliances automobile components sporting goods furniture thermal and sound insulation block and slab foam stock spray on truck bed liners shoes. For continued profitable production, challenges facing the foam machinery manufacturers will be to offer costeffective, highly efficient and compatible machinery to producers. Cfoam carbon foams cfoam carbon foam is applicable to a broad spectrum of commercial, defense and aerospace markets. Additionally, carbon foams with densities of 3, 7, and 12 lbft3 0. The ifoam norms for organic production and processing. How polyurethane is made material, production process. When spray polyurethane foam is being used, the work site should be. Foam concrete, clay, fly ash, compressive strength, split tensile strength. Finally, the polymer is transformed into its final product and shipped.
Tuthill process pumps products marketing report report. History of fiber production and usage ten thousand or more years ago, mankind found fibers growing on wild plants, twisted them into strands, and made ropes and nets. The ifoam norms are generally respected as the international guideline from which national standards and control systems may be built. Production of a flexible foam to illustrate the method of calculation, consider the production of a flexible purfoam blown with water such as might be used in furniture and bedding applications. Design guidelines for the useapplication of polyurethane. Key environmental and physical properties are listed, together with advantages and limitations. Polyurethane foam production plant chemical online.
Vapour may cause irritation of nose, throat and upper respiratory system. Most postconsumer flexible polyurethane foam fpf collected for. Sourcebook of technologies for protecting the ozone layer flexible and rigid foams september 1996 update multilateral fund for the implementation of the montreal. Pu flexible foams are manufactured through a continuous slabstock production process or through a discontinuous moulded process. Spray polyurethane foam insulation system product overview hybridpro 1. Data sheets 3lb viscosaver memory foam physical data sheet 4lb viscoplush memory foam physical data sheet 5lb viscomax memory foam physical data sheet acoustic foam physical data sheet antistatic foam physical data sheet charcoal firm foam physical data sheet charcoal regular foam physical data sheet dryfast foam physical data sheet. The foam is stiff, like shaving foam, with a density in the region of 45 glitre. Us20209778a1 semirigid polyurethane foams and processes. Through the combination of various technologies exclusive to hennecke, continuous slabstock lines are opening up a variety of prospects for the costeffective manufacture of highquality foams of any length, up to 2,500 mm in width and, depending on the foam type and specific density, with a height of up 1,500 mm. A polyol, an isocyanate, water, acetone and a catalyst for catalyzing the formation of polyurethane are mixed to produce an unfoamed liquid mixture, which is then retained in bulk form, preferably in an opentopped reaction vessel, for a dwell time during which an exothermic reaction occurs and the liquid foams. Fiber production encyclopedia of life support systems. Introduction the versatility of polyurethane chemistry permits the production of a great variety of materials such depending on the initial ingredients used in the synthesis1.
It is an enabling technology for a host of nextgeneration material systems and components replacing those currently based on more conventional. Developing stable foams from polymeric surfactants for water. Introduction the adverse development in the field of concrete has led to the innovation of lightweight concrete materials. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. A method of manufacturing polyurethane foam by a reaction of organic polyisocyanates and polyols in. Dispensed as a foam provides the user with complete control of the product in the hands, preventing the dripping and splashing associated with using liquid alcohol sanitisers. Piping technologys polyurethane foam puf plant is devoted to the production of polyurethane cryogenic insulation joints, or cold shoes, polyurethane insulation blocks, permali, micarta, and foam glass insulators also used in cold shoe insulation. Strong foam that offered a large resistance to flow of water was generated in a twofoot long sand pack with some of these polymeric surfactants.
The eus production of flexible polyurethane foam is of around 900,000 tonnes per annum. Preliminary results indicate compressive strengths of about 200 psi for carbon foam with. Annual production of polyurethanes is increasing day by day. Spray polyurethane foam spf is a manufacturedonsite form of building insulation that has gained some acceptance in recent years.
502 197 393 1473 567 1042 1336 240 401 528 1229 1249 875 269 249 623 578 17 821 1198 293 848 406 1471 980 1277 1087 636 515 1060 255 574 197 742 1013 479 64 32 118 528